How should the wire of 28 m be cut so that the combined area of the circle and square is as small as possible ?

Application of Derivative 

A piece of wire 28 cm long is to be cut into two pieces. One piece is to be made into a circle and another into a square. How should the wire be cut so that the combined area of the two figures is as small as possible?

Let the wire be cut at a distance of  x meter  from one end. Therefore then two pieces of wire be x m and (28-x) m.


Calculate Dimension of Circle and Square


Now 1st part be turned into a square and  the 2nd part be be made into a circle.

Since 1st part of the wire is turned into square. then its perimeter will be x m. 
So using formula of perimeter of square , we can calculate side of the square = x/4 m


Calculate Areas of Circle and Square


Therefore Area of square = (x/4)(x/4) sq m

                                     A1 = x2/16


And  when 2nd part of the wire is turned to circle, then its perimeter ( circumference ) will be 28 - x m. So using formula of perimeter of square , And if  "r" be  radius of the circle , Then
Circumference of circle =  2 Ï€ r =  (28-x)
 ∴  r = (28-x)/2Ï€

We know that Area of Circle A2   = Ï€ r2  

                                     A2  Ï€[(28-x)/2Ï€]2  


Express Areas in terms of Function





To find value/s of x


Now to find the value of x for which this function A(x) is maximum or minimum ,put A(x) = 0



To Test the Minimum Value of  Function


Now we have the value of "x" on which either A(x) have maximum or minimum value . To check the maximum or minimum value we have to find A''(x) as follows






So A''(x) has positive value Therefore A(x) shall have maximum value at x = 112/(Ï€ + 4)

Hence two pieces of wire should be of length x m and (28-x) m

These pieces should be of length 112/(Ï€+4) and 28Ï€/(Ï€ + 4)


Verification



we can calculate the sum of these pieces , it must be 28 m


1st part     

   
112/(Ï€+4) = 112/{(22/7)+4}=112×7/50 = 784/50


2nd part 


28Ï€/(Ï€ + 4) = {28×22/7}/{(22/7)+4} = 88×7/50 = 616/50

Sum of Two Parts 


 112×7/50 + 28×7/50 = (784+616)/50
                                                                 
  = 1400/50= 28 m



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You can  clear your doubts if any after watching this video


Conclusion



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